On the evening of the 15th, a video on Weibo on the suspected use of drones to shoot flying passenger planes triggered a heated discussion on the specifications of drones. Subsequently, the enthusiastic netizens verified the information in the shooting picture, confirming that the place is near Hangzhou Xiaoshan Airport. The Zhejiang police quickly launched an investigation after receiving the report.
From the information released so far, it can be known that the video was actually taken by a certain amateur flight enthusiast (not flying) using the drone of Dajiang. The intention is to shoot the sunset, but in 10 minutes. During the filming process, a number of passenger airliners had been routed and recorded by the camera.
Later, Dajiang also issued a statement sternly condemning the video shooter's behavior that seriously endangered air safety, and called on the majority of flight enthusiasts to "correctly" use the drone and pay attention to flight safety. It is also stated in the statement that a new ADS-B broadcast warning system will be introduced to help operators of aerial aircraft avoid airline passenger aircraft.
As a big man in the drone market, the response of Dajiang is indeed rapid, and it also shows its own attitude. However, it is undeniable that at present, the UAV market is in a state of “black fly†because there is no clear legal norm. It is reported that the number of UAVs in China alone is more than 20,000, but the whole country takes The number of people driving to drones is only 10,000, which means that nearly 50% of drones are "black machines."
Although everyone knows that there are potential security problems, due to the large market demand, reports on drone accidents have been constantly emerging. The incident like Xiaoshan Airport was not the first time. As early as 2013, some people used aerial drones to control aerial photography, which led to the avoidance and delay of multiple civil aviation aircraft, directly causing China International Airlines Co., Ltd. The economic loss amounted to 18,148 yuan.
Recently, a drone accident occurred in the US New Year's Eve 2017. At that time, the fireworks technician on the Seattle Space Needle was preparing to put the fireworks on the New Year's Eve. A drone suddenly slammed into the tower of the Space Needle. top.
Although it did not cause property damage, considering that there were more than a thousand fireworks bombs placed on the top of the tower at the time, the consequences of the accident would be unimaginable. At the same time, this is the third UAV collision accident that the Space Needle has encountered in recent years. This also marks a "surge" in drone accidents.
In addition to invading privacy, interfering with flight flights, causing personal and economic financial losses, the safety of drones does not stop there. It may also be used for important defense facilities and secret areas with the use of people with ulterior motives. Mapping and leaking, and being used by terrorists for terrorist attacks. The aviation authorities of various countries have stepped up their vigilance and punishment. On the 18th, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) penalized the drone operator Skypan for a drone accident and fined it for $200,000.
So what technical means are there to control these "black fly" drones?
1, set the no-fly zoneThe most common is to set a no-fly zone on the drone. The so-called no-fly zone means that any space above a certain area is prohibited from flying or flying over without special permission.
At present, the no-fly zone in Dajiang has both solid and dynamic. The solid no-fly is through the firmware, which can limit the start of the drone within the specified range. As long as the drone GPS is positioned within the no-fly range, the drone cannot be started. If it accidentally enters the no-fly zone, it will automatically Return to the no-fly zone or land automatically. The dynamic no-fly is adjusted by the control software according to the actual situation. Users can also go to the official website of Dajiang to search for the no-fly range.
However, it can be seen from the incident at Xiaoshan Airport that there is still no small loophole in the no-flying area of ​​the drone. According to common sense, the airport should belong to the restricted flight area of ​​the drone. The drone should not be able to start, but it may be limited by the balance between business and management. It cannot be too "dead". In fact, the factory banned the far-off area. Far less than the airport's clearing protection zone.
Therefore, within a certain range, the user can still start the drone. In the official website of Dajiang, it is also said that "the specific instructions and information about the restricted flight area are for reference only. Please refer to the local law for details." In other words, the no-fly zone can not achieve 100% no-fly, in many cases still need the consciousness of flying hands.
2, "unmanned cloud" technologyChina is the first country in the world to propose the concept of “unmanned aircraft cloudâ€. The so-called “unmanned aircraft cloud†is similar to the “black box†of drones. After the drone is connected to the supervision system, the drone Real-time information such as flight altitude and distance needs to be reported once per second in densely populated areas and airport clearance areas, and flight data needs to be retained for more than 3 months. Air safety and ground safety are guaranteed by real-time monitoring of in-flight drones.
At present, there are three major operators of UAV Cloud, U-Cloud, U-Care and GEO in Dajiang. They each have their own characteristics and advantages.
The U-Cloud system can actively monitor civilian drones in the general area of ​​4-150 kilograms (including more than 1.5 kilograms in large cities such as Beishangguang). Users registered with U-Cloud are divided into normal users and advanced users, and advanced users can have permission restrictions. Moreover, after the drone is connected to this supervision system, it is not necessary to apply for a flight plan by itself.
U-Care is fully developed with reference to air traffic control system standards, in addition to basic functions such as drone and driver management, flight planning and service management, and aeronautical data big data. In the use of maps, flight plan approval and airspace supervision, China's airspace resource management status is combined. The interface with the military and civilian aviation surveillance system is directly reserved in the system to support the connection with most mainstream air traffic management systems in China.
GEO in DJI is supported by data from AirMap, a geospatial data company based in California. At present, only users of Dajiang UAV products are provided with real-time information on flight restrictions and safety tips in the region, such as prisons, power stations, etc., which have been restricted by the FAA as restricted flights, but the limited flight marked in the GEO system. The no-fly zone is basically based on airports.
Of course, at the current development speed, there are still many shortcomings in the "unmanned aircraft cloud", such as immature communication technology, how to formulate unified standards among different devices, etc., but from the source, the drone flight is included. Supervision is already a good start.
3, electronic fence technologyIf the no-fly zone and the "unmanned aerial vehicle cloud" start from the drone, then the electronic fence technology is the external environment. It is truly a two-pronged approach, and the drone flight is included in the order specification.
At present, electronic fence technology is generally used for burglar alarm. It is an active intrusion prevention fence, counterattacks intrusion attempts, repels intruders, delays intrusion time, and does not threaten people's lives, and sends intrusion signals to security. The department monitors the equipment to ensure that the management personnel can understand the situation of the alarm area in time and quickly process it.
The drone can clear the no-fly zone by accessing the electronic fence to ensure that the flight time and space of the drone are within the controllable range. When the drone flies to the fence boundary, the alarm will be sent to the control system, and it will automatically return to the aircraft without damaging the drone. In the future, the electronic fence may be more flexibly set according to different time periods and regions.
All of these are the "gentle" means of regulating the "black fly" of drones. Of course, the tough means are not without, that is anti-UAV technology.
At present, national anti-UAV technologies are mainly divided into three categories. The first is the interference blocking class, which is mainly realized by techniques such as signal interference, acoustic interference, and GPS spoofing. The second is to directly destroy the class, including the use of laser weapons, the use of drones to counter drones and so on. The third is monitoring and control, mainly through hijacking radio control and hacking techniques.
In fact, while the drone market is booming, this emerging industry, the anti-UAV market, is also growing rapidly. According to a survey by market research firm Research and Markets, the compound annual growth rate of the anti-UAV market has reached 24%, and by 2022, it will generate $1.14 billion!
Therefore, it is time to standardize these drones that are not in line with the "black fly". Although its prosperity has caused many industries to generate new vitality and vitality, it has also added a lot of fun to people's lives, but as the saying goes Good, no rules are not square, with a flight of order, can fly farther is not it.
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